Excel: Lookup Functions in Depth
3 min readApr 1, 2021
=match()
- find the match you want and return the row where the result is at.
=index()
- provide the formula with the row and column and it will search through the array table and return the results.
=counta()
- count all cells that are not empty
=index( , counta())
- gets the last data
=index( , =match(), )
- equivalent to a leftward V-lookup
=xmatch()
- used to search first/last data by specifying how you want to search from. ie. top to bottom or bottom to top
- Lets say you want to search for the name “Rick” from “McGee, Rick”,
type “*, “&Rick - * means multiple characters infront of the word “Rick”
=FORMULATEXT( )
- This is one way to show the formulas
=vlookup()
- return column results
=hlookup()
- for horizontal data
- make sure data is in ascending order from left to right
- row index number refers to which row to output
=vlookup()
- for vertical data
- make sure data is in ascending order from top to bottom
- column index number refers to which column to output
=xlookup()
to view the formula guide, type =xl + tab
- can be used to replace both Hlookup and Vlookup.
xlookup approximate worksheet
- if you dont need to fill up an argument in the formula just fill it with a comma and skip to fill the next argument.
*shortcut: in a column by selecting a cell and double click on the bottom of the cell when you see the 4 arrows will bring you to the last cell in the column. *vice versa in a column by selecting a cell and double click on the top of the cell when you see the 4 arrows will bring you to the first cell in the column.
- for the return array, you can return as many things as you want by specifying the array.
- E.g. “*P*” means you are finding a string that could contain the letter ‘P’ which may be mix with other wildcard characters.
- to sum a row of numbers, select the cells and press ‘alt’ + ‘=’
=choose()
- this formula, we provide it with all possible outcomes/answers and the formula will choose by itself the output.
- to show the formula, we can select a cell and put a space before the “=” formula.
- using lookup, you will need assitant of an external table. but choose formula does not require an external table.
- Limitation is that it can only use numbers as a option chooser.
- The formula is lengthy, but you do not need any external table for the formula to work.
=switch()
- works like a dictionary in python. If the expression meet the key, the formula will return the value.
- same as choose formula, we dont need an external table.
- The formula is lengthy, but you do not need any external table for the formula to work.
=unique()
- returns unique rows.
- use to return elements that repeat only once.
=filter()
- to copy just the format of an array, just select the array + right-click hold and drag to the cells you want to format + select “copy here as formats only”
- * means ‘AND’ not a wild char or multiply!!!
=sort()
- sort a column by the first column default
=sortby()
- allows you to sort by more than 1 criteria
=indirect()
- allows you to reference other worksheets.
- It allows an indirect formula to be written.